基于因子图的卫星拒止环境下的多信息融合技术

目前，几乎所有军用和民用系统都依靠基于卫星的组合导航系统来获取导航定位信息。但卫星信号在都市、室内、地下等环境中容易受到干扰，使得导航结果精度降低。为了解决在卫星拒止环境下的导航定位问题，选用基于因子图的信息融合算法，来实现不同采集频率的导航数据信息的融合。实地跑车试验表明，该方法能在卫星信号失效情况下，实现多传感器信息快速有效融合，确保系统导航精度，提升卫星拒止环境下载体导航定位能力。     

不同压力下竖直深冷表面结霜现象实验研究

文章建立了一个结霜可视化实验装置,对在不同气压条件下的低温竖直表面的结霜现象进行实验研究,掌握了低温环境下的结霜过程和霜层微观形貌特征,实验过程中冷表面的温度控制在-180℃。实验结果表明:常压低温结霜工况下,霜晶呈羽毛状,初始晶核趋向于在冷板的边缘形成,之后平行于冷板表面向下生长,并且在初始霜晶形成后的一段时间内,霜层平行于冷板表面向下的生长速度明显大于垂直于冷板表面的生长速度,向下生长的速度达到0.3 mm/min;真空低温结霜工况下,霜层以颗粒状固体存在,生长速度缓慢,在冷表面上分布均匀,并在霜层生长过程中发现开裂现象。此实验装置提供的清晰结霜图像可为后续展开真空条件下的结霜机理研究提供参考。     

不同类型惰气对飞机燃油箱可燃性影响理论研究

以低温可控耗氧型催化惰化技术为背景,采用微元计算法,建立了使用混合惰气的油箱气相空间平衡氧浓度数学模型。在考虑燃油温度、载油率、气体组分等因素的情况下,通过模型计算了平衡氧浓度随高度的变化关系,同时与使用富氮气体的油箱进行了对比。研究结果表明:在地面采用混合惰气惰化油箱后,平衡氧浓度随着飞行高度增加而降低,而采用富氮气体惰化的油箱则完全相反。油箱载油率越大,气相空间氧浓度变化幅度越大。燃油温度增加,对采用混合惰气的油箱不利,但是对采用富氮气体的油箱有利。总体而言,使用混合惰气惰化油箱可有效抑制油箱气相空间可燃性随飞行高度而增加的不利趋势,该研究结果可为混合惰气地面惰化和预洗涤技术提供理论基础。     

适应多样化军事任务需要 提高直升机维修保障能力

分析了新形势下直升机在多样化军事行动中的使命任务,总结了目前多样化军事行动中直升机维修保障存在的问题。为适应多样化军事任务需要,提出了提高直升机维修保障能力的措施。     

Space object material identification method of hyperspectral imaging based on Tucker decomposition

Space object material identification method based on Tucker decomposition is proposed and demonstrated experimentally. Space target generally has a low spatial resolution because of the limitation in detection distance. Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) technology can capture the image from visible light to shortwave infrared continuously while providing the spatial and spectral information of the target, thereby introducing a new space target detection and identification approach. However, the data obtained by the HSI system often contain mixed pixels, thereby causing difficulties in target material identification. In this work, a material identification method of hyperspectral data based on Tucker decomposition is proposed by combining mixed spectral theory with tensor decomposition. The feasibility of the method is verified by using satellite model hyperspectral data with different spatial resolutions compared with the endmember obtained from the non-negative matrix decomposition (NMF), independent component analysis (ICA), tensor singular value decomposition (t-SVD). The average CORR of NMF, ICA, t-SVD and the proposed method is 0.2694, 0.5818, 0.6397 and 0.937, correspondingly. Therefore, the proposed method has demonstrated a more remarkable performance in terms of material identification, the analysis results of the material abundance distribution that used the proposed method.     

Ground-based and satellite DC-ULF electric field anomalies around Wenchuan M8.0 earthquake

The ground-based and satellite DC-ULF electric field data were analyzed around Wenchuan M8.0 earthquake on May 12, 2008 in China. The results show that ground electric field anomalies occurred at 3 stations located to the north and south of the epicenter with the amplitude of 3–100 mV/km. The change shapes and their amplitude of ground electric field anomalies are different largely due to their individual underground layer conductivity, water level and so on. The analysis of long time series illustrates that the abnormal geoelectric field started since March 2008. Onboard the DEMETER satellite, the ULF waveforms of electric field were collected and processed by wavelet transform method. The disturbances in the ionosphere were about 3–5 mV/m at a frequency band lower than 0.5 Hz. When the ground and space electric field anomalies were compared, their occurrence time and spatial distribution points are consistent with each other, including the long time anomalies from March 2008 and the short term ones 1–2 days before the Wenchuan earthquake. Finally, the coupling mechanism was discussed.     

Time-varying linear control for tiltrotor aircraft

Tiltrotor aircraft have three flight modes: helicopter mode, airplane mode, and transition mode. A tiltrotor has characteristics of highly nonlinear, time-varying flight dynamics and inertial/control couplings in its transition mode. It can transit from the helicopter mode to the airplane mode by tilting its nacelles, and an effective controller is crucial to accomplish tilting transition missions. Longitudinal dynamic characteristics of the tiltrotor are described by a nonlinear Lagrange-form model, which takes into account inertial/control couplings and aerodynamic interferences. Reference commands for airspeed velocity and attitude in the transition mode are calculated dynamically by visiting a command library which is founded in advance by analyzing the flight envelope of the tiltrotor. A Time-Varying Linear (TVL) model is obtained using a Taylor-expansion based online linearization technique from the nonlinear model. Subsequently, based on an optimal control concept, an online optimization based control method with input constraints considered is proposed. To validate the proposed control method, three typical tilting transition missions are simulated using the nonlinear model of XV-15 tiltrotor aircraft. Simulation results show that the controller can be used to control the tiltrotor throughout its operating envelop which includes a transition flight, and can also deal with vertical gust disturbances.     

微波中功率测量技术发展综述

介绍了耦合衰减法和量热法两种主要的微波中功率测量方法的原理及国内外发展现状，总结了它们各自的特点。指出量热法在微波中功率高准确度测量方面更具优势，可作为建立微波中功率计量标准的优先研究方向之一。     

月球表面粗糙度的分形表征

文中采用"嫦娥一号"卫星探测器返回的激光高程计的数据,从研究月球表面的分形特征出发,选取月球表面的湿海区域进行研究,通过对激光高度计的原始数据进行处理,并利用SPSS统计软件对这两组数据进行拟合得到最佳的拟合模型。结果指出:1)分维可以作为一个独立的表征参量来表征粗糙表面的平缓程度。2)由拟合结果图可知,对于月球表面的湿海区域,分维与粗糙度存在单调递增关系,即分维值越大,区域表面越粗糙,表面起伏变化也越剧烈;并通过分析得出湿海区域的地形起伏较大。3)通过分维值D与粗糙度之间的关系式,对于某区域的任意一段轮廓,可以通过计算分维值D得出该轮廓的粗糙度值。同样的,对任一粗糙度值,可以求出相应的分维值以及该轮廓的具体纬度值位置。4)对于月球表面的其他区域,同样可以得出他们之间的相关性,从而达到研究月表地貌演化过程的目的。